Write notes on respiration in plants and animals||Respiration class 10 notes ncert life process

What is respiration?

Respiration is the process by which  organisms exchange gases with their environment. In plants and animals, respiration takes place in the cells. The cells use oxygen to break down food molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and energy.

Chemical equations for respiration -

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Respiration in Plants

* Plants respire just like animals, but they do not have specialized respiratory organs.

* Instead, they exchange gases through tiny pores in their leaves called stomata.

* Stomata are surrounded by guard cells that open and close in response to light and water levels.

* When stomata are open, carbon dioxide enters the leaf and oxygen leaves.

* This process is reversed at night, when the plant produces carbon dioxide and uses oxygen.

* The energy released during respiration is used by plants to carry out photosynthesis, grow, and reproduce.

*In woody tree exchange of gases take place by lenticel by the process of diffusion.

Respiration in Animals

 *Animals respire using specialized organs such as lungs, gills, or skin.

* Lungs are the most common respiratory organ in animals.

* They are found in mammals(humans), birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

* Gills are found in fish and other aquatic animals. They allow animals to exchange gases with the water around them.

* Skin is the respiratory organ of some of the organism like earthworms which lives in soil.

* In animals like Amoeba,paramecium and planaria , respiration take place by the simple diffusion of gases through the cell membrane.

* The energy released during respiration is used by animals to move, grow, and reproduce.

Note:- Frogs breathe through both by lungs and skin.

Similarities between Plant and Animal Respiration

* Both plants and animals use oxygen to break down food molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and energy.

* Both processes take place in cells.

* Both processes release energy that is used by the organism to carry out its life functions.

Differences between Plant and Animal Respiration

* Plants do not have specialized respiratory organs.

* Animals have specialized respiratory organs such as lungs, gills, or skin.

* Plants exchange gases through stomata and lenticels.

* Animals exchange gases through their respiratory organs.

* Plants use the energy released during respiration to carry out photosynthesis, grow, and reproduce.

* Animals use the energy released during respiration to move, grow, and reproduce.

I hope this helps!